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comp.lang.visual Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ) |
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Last-modified: 1998/03/10
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Version: 98.03.10.1
Comp.Lang.Visual - Frequently-Asked Questions List
Most recent update: 10 March 1998
===========================================================================
This article contains a list of frequently-asked questions and
frequently-desired resources for the newsgroup comp.lang.visual. You
should read this faq before you post to this group so that you understand
what it is all about.
This article is posted at least weekly, or more often when changes are
submitted. I encourage everyone to send in their ideas and additions.
This collection of documents is Copyright (C) 1999, David McIntyre. All
rights reserved. Permission to distribute this collection is hereby
granted providing that distribution is electronic, no money is involved,
reasonable attempts are made to use the latest version and all credits
and this copyright notice are maintainted. Other requests for distribution
should be submitted to the editor. All reasonable requests will be
granted.
Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
rtfm.mit.edu in the directory pub/usenet/news.answers.
The name under which a FAQ is archived appears in the "Archive-Name:"
line at the top of the article. This FAQ is archived as "visual-lang/faq"
===========================================================================
Maintainer: Dr. David McIntyre
BlackRock Financial Management
345 Park Ave
New York, NY 10154 USA
dmcintyr@blackrock.com
212-409-3574 (office)
===========================================================================
Index:
General:
1) What is comp.lang.visual?
.1) What is moderation, and how does it work?
.2) Why is this newsgroup moderated?
.3) Who is the moderator?
.4) What is the moderation policy?
.5) Is this newsgroup archived?
2) What is a visual (programming) language?
.1) Do we need the word "programming" in that phrase?
.2) Is there a better phrase to use?
3) What about Visual Basic and Visual C++?
4) What are some examples of visual programming languages?
a) Research visual programming languages.
b) Commercial visual programming languages.
5) Information sources:
a) Books.
b) Journals [ including CFP's for special issues ]
c) Conferences proceedings.
d) Upcoming conferences.
e) Info available through ftp.
f) Graduate programs in visual programming.
g) Other newsgroups.
h) WWW pages.
6) Can we talk about VPL's in a newsgroup?
7) VP paper classification project.
Paradigm-specific:
8) What are some references about visual query languages?
9) What are some references for component-based software?
Miscellaneous:
10) Doesn't everyone agree that VL is great?
Technical:
11) Work done in specifying visual language grammar.
12) The Deutsch Limit
Toolkits:
13) Commercially available toolkits to help in VL design.
Calls for Papers:
14) Calls for papers and announcements for upcoming conferences.
References:
References used in this FAQ (in Bibtex/Scribe format).
Acknowledgements
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1: What is comp.lang.visual?
A1: It is a forum for discussing Visual Programming Languages: their
problems, their advantages, and ideas for making them better.
Visual language discussion can also include aspects of many other
topics, eg, visualization of programs and/or data, human-computer
interaction and interfaces, formal languages.
Visual Basic and Visual C++ are not for the most part visual
programming languages. They are textual languages with a graphical
user interface builder attached. See Q3 for locations where you
can get information about these products.
Commercial postings, with few exceptions, are not acceptable.
Comp.lang.visual is a moderated newsgroup (see the next questions).
Q1.1: How does this moderation stuff work?
A1.1: At the beginning of 1995, comp.lang.visual became an officially
moderated newsgroup. This means that any posting to this group
first gets sent, via email, to the moderator. This is done
invisibly to you; normal news-posting software is used.
If the content of the article is appropriate to the charter of this
group the moderator approves the article, and it is sent back into
the news system, this time to be read by all.
If the content of the article is inappropriate to the charter of
this group, the article is not seen by the news system. Typically,
the moderator replies to the poster, letting them know what was
unacceptable about the rejected posting.
Q1.2: Why is this newsgroup moderated?
A1.2: This newsgroup hummed along steadily for many years without
the need for moderation. When Microsoft released their line of
"visual" products (Visual BASIC, Visual C++, etc.) a myriad of
news-readers saw the word "visual" in the title of this newsgroup
and decided that it was the correct place to ask Visual BASIC
questions, drowning out the conversations about visual programming
languages taking place here already.
The moderation has cleaned this problem up.
Q1.3: Who is the moderator?
A1.3: David McIntyre, who is also the maintainer of this FAQ. Moderation
questions can be addressed to visual-request@ms.com, or you
can just use the email address at the top of this FAQ.
Q1.4: What is the moderation policy?
A1.4: Any article having any semblance to the charter is accepted without
any editing. Any article having content only related to Visual
BASIC, Visual C++ or anything else non-visual is rejected. Visual
BASIC and Visual C++-related articles are sometimes accepted when
their content is about the visual aspects of the environments.
On rare occasions the moderator may add comments to the bottom of
the article. These are always enclosed in square brackets ([]) and
signed by the moderator.
Q1.5: Is this newsgroup archived?
A1.5: YES! As of the end of summer '95 we are now archived at the
UUNET site ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9 or 192.48.96.9). Use anonymous
ftp to reach the site.
Our directory is /usenet/comp.lang.visual. Two subdirectories hold
the FAQ (but perhaps not as recent a copy as is in rtfm.mit.edu) and
all the posts to this newsgroup since it became moderated. The
archive currently holds the first 263 or so articles. New articles
will be added approximately monthly, depending on traffic volume
and moderator stress level. This directory also contains an index
file (named index) which contains message number, author, date
and title for each article.
The archived articles are stored in a gzip-compressed format. Use
gunzip to decompress when you ftp them home.
[ Unfortunately, I seem to have messed this up, and hopefully we'll
resume this shortly. 1/2/97, Dave ]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q2: What is a Visual Programming Language?
A2: A few representative answers:
(a) Visual Programming (VP) refers to any system that allows the
user to specify a program in two-(or more)-dimensionsional fashion.
[...] conventional textual languages are not considered two
dimensional since the compilers or interpreters process them as
long, one-dimensional streams. [Myers90a]
(b) A Visual Language manipulates visual information or supports visual
interaction, or allows programming with visual expressions. The latter
is taken to be the definition of a visual programming language.
Visual programming languages may be further classified according to the
type and extent of visual expression used, into
icon-based languages, form-based languages and diagram languages.
Visual programming environments provide graphical or iconic elements which
can be manipulated by the user in an interactive way according to some
specific spatial grammar for program construction. [Golin90b]
(c) Visually transformed languages are inherently non-visual
languages but have superimposed visual representations. Naturally
visual languages have an inherent visual expression for which
there is no obvious textual equivalent. [Burnett89]
(d) Visual programming is commonly defined as the use of visual
expressions (such as graphics, drawings, animation or icons) in the
process of programming. These visual expressions may be used in
programming environments as graphical interfaces for textual programming
languages; they may be used to form the syntax of new visual programming
languages leading to new paradigms such as programming by demonstration;
or they may be used in graphical presentations of the behavior or
structure of a program. [McIntyre&Burnett]
(e) A visual language is a set of spatial arrangements of text-graphic
symbols with a semantic interpretation that is used in carrying out
communication actions in the world.
Q2.1: Do we need the word "programming" in that phrase?
A2.1: Perhaps not. People like to point out languages such as Miro and
GIL which are visual specification languages as reasons for saying
visual language instead of visual programming language. I think
of Miro as a language for programming specifications, so I like the
word.
We'll try to avoid using the word "programming" when we don't mean
to exclude non-programming visual languages.
Any comments?
[Fred Lakin says: ]
Sure. The short answer is, it reminds us of all the other visual
languages there are, which should be looked at and learned from.
Keeping the word "programming" in the phrase keeps the computer folk
from becoming visually provincial, which I see as a real danger.
The longer answer is, people have invented and used many visual
languages in the course of history. A fraction of those have
anything to do with computers, and even smaller number represent
programs, and an even smaller number of those represent programs and
can be executed on a computer. Let's say people have been using
visual languages for 10,000 years; and using them for communication
*about* computers for 50, and using them for communication *with*
computers for 30. So you can see how small a percentage of the total
numbers of visual languages we are talking about.
Q2.2: Is there a better phrase (than VPL) that we could use?
A2.2: [Send in your ideas!!!!]
[Fred Lakin's idea:]
I prefer the term "executable graphics" instead of visual programming
languages.
Visual programming language is a misnomer. It either means a
programming language which we can see, which is trivial, or a language
used for programming the behavior of visual things, which is limiting.
Executable Graphics expresses a different orientation toward the
problem domain: graphics which can be executed. [Lakin86]
[Paul Lyons sez:]
I've coined the term "Hyperprogramming" which I think better
summarises the capabilities and support provided by visual
Programming Languages. We argue for VPLs on practical as well
as theoretical basis. The theoretical arguments relate to the
greater expressivity and intuitiveness of diagrammatic
representations of complex relationships. The practical arguments
relate to the availability of sufficient computing power to
support the capture and processing of visually expressed diagrams.
Specifically, we utilise:
processor speed, to let us do it in real time
high-res graphics, to represent complex
diagrammatic notations
mouse input, to create complex diagrammatic notations and
window-based displays, to partition the resulting
diagrams into a manageable size.
It's this last point that's the important one. Partitioning
big programs to make them more manageable is great, but creates
navigational difficulties. These sort of navigational problems
have been addressed, for "ordinary" documents, by hypertext
systems. Now, "ordinary" hypertext documents are tedious to create
because adding all the hyperlinks takes a long time, but there's
no such problem with programs, because it's easy for the entry
support system to generate the hyperlinks automatically, on-the-fly.
As well as providing programmers with simple and consistent navigation
techniques, the hyperlinks can be used to automatically update shared
information between views.
So I think that VPLs, if they aren't already, will achieve partitioning
based on multiple windows, with hyperlinks between the windows
connecting shared items of information. Calling them Hyperprogramming
languages will reflect this situation, and might reduce the subtle
suggestion (inherent in the name VISUAL programming languages)
that these languages should eschew text entirely.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q3: What about Visual Basic and Visual C++?
A3: Visual Basic and the entire Microsoft Visual (tm) family are not,
despite their names, visual programming languages. They are textual
languages which use a graphical gui builder to make programming decent
interfaces easier on the programmer. The user interface portion of
the language is visual, the rest is not.
Because many Visual BASIC users have many questions, and frequently
post them to this newsgroup, we list some alternate resources:
a) comp.lang.basic.visual !!!!
b) VB Online is a bulletin board dedicated to Visual Basic users.
It can be accessed via. 1-216-694-5734 at 9600 baud.
[haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)]
c) comp.os.ms-windows.programmer.tools
comp.os.ms-windows.programmer.misc
comp.os.ms-windows.apps
comp.os.ms-windows.misc
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4: What are some examples of visual programming languages?
Language Name Authors Reference(s)
1966:
???? R. Sutherland [Sutherland66]
1968:
Ambit/G and Ambit/L Christensen et.al. [Christensen68]
1969:
GRAIL Ellis et.al. [Ellis69]
1974:
PLAN2D Denert et.al. [Denert74]
1975:
Pygmailion Smith [Smith77]
1980:
Outline Lakin [Lakin80]
1983:
Prograph Pietryzchowski [Piet83]
ML-like VL Cardelli [Cardelli83]
1984:
Pict Glinert [Glinert84]
Programming by Rehearsal Finzer&Gould [Finzer84]
1986:
HI-VISUAL Ichikawa [Ichikawa86a]
[Hirakawa90a]
LabView [LabView]
PC-TILES Glinert&Smith [Glinert86a]
Show & Tell Kimura [Kimura86c]
[Kimura89]
ThingLab Borning [Borning86]
Tinkertoy Edel [Edel86]
1987:
ARK Smith [Smith87]
1988:
C^2 Kopache [Kopache88]
Fabrik Ingalls [Ingalls88]
1989:
SunPICT Glinert&McIntyre [Glinert89]
1990:
Cube Najork [Najork91]
Hypersignal Carlson [Carlson94]
Miro Heydon [Heydon90]
NoPumpG Lewis
Novis Norton [Norton90]
1991:
Agentsheets Repenning [Agentsheets WEB]
Forms/3 Burnett [Burnett92]
Hence 1.4 Beguelin [Beguelin91]
Mondrian Lieberman
Visavis
1992:
ChemTrains Bell [Bell92]
CODE 2.0 Newton [Newton92]
Hyperpascal Lyons [Lyons93]
Iconicode
Vampire McIntyre [McIntyre92b]
Visavis Poswig [Poswig92]
Voice Dialog D.E. Repenning&Summner [Agentsheets WEB]
1993:
MViews Grundy&Hosking [G&H93b]
SPE Grundy&Hosking [G&H93a]
MEANDER Wirtz [Wirtz93]
SPARCL Spratt&Ambler [Spratt93]
1994:
Escalante McWhirter [see faq info]
PhonePro Cypress Research [GACote94]
Vipers Mosconi [not pub yet]
VIPR Citrin&Zorn [see ftp info]
WinPict McIntyre
1995:
LEGOsheets Repenning et al. [Agentsheets WEB]
ViTABal Grundy&Hoskings [Grundy95]
No info yet:
CANTATA
VIVA
AVS
Serius Developer
apE
b) Visual programming languages commercially available today.
** General purpose:
Prograph Pictorius, Inc 800-927-4847
AppWare Novell 800-277-2717
Iconicode IconIcon
Design/CPN Meta Software 617-576-6920
SystemSpecs IvyTeam, Bern Switz.
Layout Objects, Inc 508-777-2800
LabVIEW National Instruments 512-794-0100
VPLus SimPhonics, Inc 813-623-9917
N!Power Signal Technology 805-899-8300 x350
EiffelBuild ISE info@eiffel.com
Sanscript Northwoods Software www.nwoods.com
MultiMedia Logic Softronix www.softronix.com
** Component-based:
Visual AppBuilder Novell 800-453-1267
Capsule Metaphor / IBM 800-426-3333
SynchroWorks Oberon Software, Inc 800-524-5459
Parts Digitalk 800-531-2344
Synergy Prodea Software Corp 800-PRODEA-1
VisualAge IBM 800-426-3333
Eiffel libraries ISE info@eiffel.com
** Multi-media and computer-based training authoring tools:
Authorware Macromedia, Inc 800-945-4061
IconAuthor AimTech Corp 800-289-2884
ForShow Bourbaki, Inc 800-289-1347
HSC InterActive HSC Software 800-566-6699
** Telephony:
PhonePro Cypress Research 408-752-2700
PhoneOne Information Gateway 703-760-0000
** Data aquisition:
LabVIEW National Instruments 512-794-0100
DT VEE (HP VEE reseller) Data Translation, Inc 800-525-8528
** Data analysis and visualization:
Khoros Khoral Research 505-837-6500
AVS Advanced Visual Systems 617-890-4300
** Design & Testing:
Dataflo MP Dynetics, Inc. 800-922-9261
Design/CPN Meta Software 617-576-6920
** DSP Design/Analysis
Hypersignal Hyperception 214-343-8525
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5: What can I read to learn more about Visual Programming Languages?
A5:
a) Books:
** The most comprehensive collection so far is:
"Visual Programming Environments," E. P. Glinert, editor, 1990.
[Glinert90b][Glinert90c]
** Other well-known books include:
"Visual Languages," Chang, Ichikawa and Ligomenides, editors, 1986.
[Chang86]
"Visual Programming," N. C. Shu, 1988.
[Shu88]
"Principles of Visual Programming Systems," S.-K. Chang, editor, 1990.
[Chang90a]
"Visual Object-Oriented Programming: Concepts and Environments,"
M. Burnett, A. Goldberg and T. Lewis, editors,
Manning / Prentice-Hall, 1994(?).
[Burnett94]
** Component-based software construction:
"Reusable Software: The Base Object-Oriented Component Libraries,"
B. Meyer, Prentice Hall, 1994.
** Language specific books include:
"Cutting Your Test Development Time with HP VEE," Helsel,
HP Professional Books / Prentice Hall, 1994.
"LabVIEW Graphical Programming, Practical Applications in
Instrumentation and Control," Gary W. Johnson, Carl Machover,
series editor, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
"Visual Programming with Prograph CPX," Steinman and Carver,
Manning, 1995 [ ISBN: 0-13-441163-3 ].
** Possibly related books:
"The Design of an Extensible Graph Editor", F. N. Paulisch,
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 704,
Springer-Verlag, 1993.
b) Journals:
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing. The JVLC is published
quarterly by the Academic Press, London, phone (outside the UK)
+44-1-81-300-3322, fax +44-1-81-309-0807, ISSN 1045-926X.
Institutional rate is $154/year, personal $70/year.
Editors are S.-K. Chang and S. Levialdi.
Address is:
Journals Marketing Department
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Ltd.
24-28 Oval Road
London NW1 7DX, UK
Journals Promotion Department
Academic Press
1250 Sixth Ave.
San Diego, CA 92101, USA
-------------------
c) Proceedings:
IEEE Workshop/Symposium proceedings have been published since 1986,
but most have gone out of print. The most recent two are still
available, others are probably not.
VL'84, Hiroshima, Japan. IEEE Computer Society Press #612.
VL'86, Dallas, Texas. IEEE Computer Society Press #722.
VL'87, Linkoeping, Sweden.
VL'88, Pittsburgh, PA. IEEE Computer Society Press #876.
VL'89, Rome, Italy. IEEE Computer Society Press #2002.
VL'90, Skokie, Ill. IEEE Computer Society Press #2090.
VL'91, Kobe, Japan. IEEE Computer Society Press #2330.
VL'92, Seattle, Washington. IEEE Computer Press #3090.
VL'93, Bergen, Norway. IEEE Computer Society Press #3970-02.
VL'94, St. Louis, MO. IEEE Computer Society Press #6660-02.
VL'95, Darmstadt, German. IEEE Computer Society Press #.
VL'96, Boulder, CO. IEEE Computer Society Press #.
VL'97, . IEEE Computer Society Press #.
1994's Visual Software Programming Languages Meeting held
in Scottsdale, Arizona will probably never produce a proceedings,
which is really too bad.
Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI) :
1992 International Workshop on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI '92),
Rome, May, 1992. Published as Advanced Visual Interfaces, T. Catarci,
M. F. Costabile, and S. Levialdi, eds., World Scientific Series in
Computer Science, vol. 36, Singapore: World Scientific Press, 1992.
1994 International Workshop on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI '94),
Bari, Italy, May, 1994. Proceedings published by ACM Press.
d) Upcoming Conferences:
VL '98, September 1-4, 1998, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
WWW:
http://www.cs.dal.ca/~smedley/vl98/
e) FTP-able information.
** The POLKA program visualization system, including documentation,
and the Gthreads view library:
site: ftp.cc.gatech.edu
dir : pub/people/stasko
file: polka.tar.Z
gthread.Animations.tar.Z
gthread.KSRtracing.tar.Z
** A technical report describing the NL visual language is available
from:
site: probitas.cs.utas.edu.au (131.217.20.5)
dir : pub/TR
file: R93-11.ps.Z
[ this file appears to be renamed as TR93-11.ps.Z ]
** Executables for ChemTrains and NoPumpGII:
site: ftp.cs.colorado.edu
dir : pub/cs/distribs/clewis/NATP
** Annotated Bibliography on Graph Drawing Algorithms
site: wilma.cs.brown.edu (128.148.33.66)
dir : /pub
file: gdbiblio.tex.Z and gdbiblio.ps.Z
** Prograph source archives
site: ftp.iup.edu
dir : info-prograph
** Papers, user manuals and Sun 4 binaries for CODE 2.0
site: pompadour.csres.utexas.edu
dir : ParProg/code2
site: ftp.cs.utexas.edu
dir : pub/techreports
** Source, manuals and papers for HeNCE 1.4
site: netlib2.cs.utk.edu
dir : hence
or through xnetlib
** Escalanate source/binaries & users' guide
site: cs.colorado.edu
dir : /pub/distribs/escalante
file: README
** LabVIEW ftp sites
site: ftp.natinst.com
dir : support/labview
site: ftp.pica.army.mil
dir : pub/labview
*** GIL papers and GIL toolkit, including theorem prover
site: ftp.cs.ucsb.edu
dir : /pub/gil/papers
file: README
dir : /pub/gil
file: [toolkit]
** HyperPascal papers
site: smee.massey.ac.nz (130.123.96.9)
dir : plyons
file: PICSIL.ps, PICSIL.st (stuffit compressed Word file)
file: hyperpas.ps, hyperpas.st
** [G&H93a] and [G&H93b]
site: ftp.cs.waikato.ac.nz
dir : /ftp/pub/papers/postscript/
file: mviews, spe
** VIPR papers
site: ftp.cs.colorado.edu
dir : /pub/techreports/{citrin/zorn}/
file: CU-CS-672-93.ps.Z ([CITRIN93a])
CU-CS-673-93.ps.Z ([CITRIN93b])
VOOP-VIPR.ps.Z ([CITRIN94])
** Hypersignal paper [Carlson94]
send email to info-dspxblk@hyperception.com.
f) Graduate programs that include visual programming.
[ send a blurb about profs, languages, courses at your
favorite grad school to me so I can include it here!!! ]
### George Mason University:
GRADUATE PROGRAMS AT GMU: Degree programs available include the
M.A. or M.F.A. in Visual Information Technology in the College of
Arts & Sciences (centering on computer imaging and animation in
electronic and digital media technology), the M.Ed. and Ph.D. in
Instructional Technology (Graduate School of Education), or the M.S.
and Ph.D. in computer science or computational statistics
(School of Information Technology & Engineering).
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Chris Dede
Graduate School of Education
George Mason University
4400 University Drive
Fairfax, VA 22030-4444
cdede@gmu.edu
ASSISTANTSHIPS:
Research Assistantship for Virtual Reality
### Waikato University, New Zealand
We are currently conducting research into software development
environments which support integrated visual and textual programming
(i.e. being able to specify a program using both techniques with full
bi-directional consistency management). Included in this is support
for collaborative visual (& textual) programming, version control
and configuration management for visual (& textual) programs, and
flexible user interface specification and generation. We are building
both an environment which supports these facilities and an environment
generator/OO framework for more easily constructing such systems.
This work is a follow on to our earlier SPE/MViews research.
CONTACT POINT:
Dr John Grundy
Department of Computer Science
University of Waikato
Private Bag 3105
Hamilton
New Zealand
jgrundy@waikato.ac.nz
### Auckland University, New Zealand
CONTACT POINT:
Dr John Hosking
Department of Computer Science
University of Auckland
Private Bag
Auckland
New Zealand
j.hosking@cs.aukuni.ac.nz
### Massey University, New Zealand
I'm currently running a small research program at Massey University,
in New Zealand (that's in the South Pacific) investigating the
implications of applying hypertechniques to visual programming
languages. The vehicle for this research is a language called
HyperPascal, implemented in Prolog with extensions to support
object-orientation, and mutual real-time updating of
multiple-window systems. Contact me (p.lyons@massey.ac.nz) for more
information about possible projects at Masterate, Doctoral or
Post-doctoral levels.
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Paul Lyons
Computer Science Department
Massey University
Private Bag 11-222
Palmerston North
New Zealand
p.lyons@massey.ac.nz
### Oregon State University
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Margaret Burnett
burnett@cs.orst.edu
### University of Washington
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Steven Tanimoto
Dr. Alan Borning
### University of Kansas
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Allen Ambler
### University of Pittsburgh
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. S.-K. Chang
### Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Ephraim P. Glinert
glinert@cs.rpi.edu
### University of Colorado
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Wayne Citrin
citrin@cs.colorado.edu
### University of Colorado, Center for LifeLong Learning & Design
The Center for LifeLong Learning & Design is creating tools and theoretical
frameworks to support learners of all ages in the general context of design
activities. Many of these tools are domain-oriented visual programming
languages. The center offers course/degress through the University of
Colorado computer science department and the Institute of Cognitive Science.
We also work with the department of environmental design and fine art.
Industrial affiliates include: Apple Computer Inc, NYNEX, and US WEST.
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Alexander Repenning
http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~ralex/
### New Mexico State University
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Joseph Pfeiffer
pfeiffer@nmsu.edu
### MIT Visible Languages Lab
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Henry Lieberman
### Carnegie Mellon University
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Brad Myers
bam@cs.cmu.edu
### Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
We are working on visual language aspects that support parallel
program development, and program visualization techniques that
assist parallel program debugging and performance tuning. We
currently focus on message-passing programming systems.
CONTACT POINT:
Dr. Kang Zhang
Department of Computing
Macquarie University
Sydney, NSW 2109
Australia
kang@mpce.mq.edu.au
g) Other newsgroups.
The newsgroup comp.lang.prograph was recently voted into
existence and should soon appear at a newserver near you.
Prograph is a commercially available visual programming
language, originally for Macs, but soon to be available on
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