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Anonymous FTP: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) List |
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Archive-name: ftp-list/faq
Garbo-archive-name: ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/doc-net/ftp-list.zip
Simtel-mirror-name: ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/msdos/info/ftp-list.zip
Last-Modified: 05-May-97
Version: 3.1.5
Anonymous FTP
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) List
Suggestions for changes and comments are always welcome.
** Updated News:
- it's been quite a while since I did any real maintenance on the faq and
sitelist. I can't promise any improvement since life is too full of
other stuff I need to get done.
Copyright (c) 1993-1997, Perry Rovers -- Text may be quoted in on-line
documents and written publications, but please notify me so I can add a
reference and make sure that you add pointers to the places where people
can get the latest version. You may make this file available on public
servers, like ftp, gopher or WWW servers as well, but please let me know.
Do not modify the info itself (i.e. converting it to some other format)
before consulting me. All rights reserved. This may seem stricter than
the last versions, but I only want to make sure I'm notified of how
this file is used and for what purpose. If you contact me, I'm sure
we can work something out.
Thanks to all the people who have contributed to this document!
[Start Of File]
======================================================================
I maintain a directory of Internet sites accepting Anonymous FTP and mail
retrieval of their files and a list of Frequently Asked Questions about
(Anonymous) FTP.
-----------------------------
Subject: 1. Table of Contents
Topics are shown below and with their respective answers (*: new, +: changed)
(1) Table of Contents
(2) What is and how do I use the FTP program?
(3) What types of FTP information are available?
(4) What is the most current version?
(5) Retrieving the listings via email.
(6) Using FTP without direct Internet access.
(7) Getting help when you have problems with a site.
(8) Getting a site listed or changes made.
+(9) What is Archie and how does it relate to the list?
(10) Using FSP/Gopher/WAIS/WWW to access archives.
(11) How do I stop the listings from scrolling off the screen?
(12) How do I set up an (Anonymous) FTP server?
+(13) How do I automate ftp sessions?
+(14) URL's of the interesting things mentioned in this text.
-----------------------------
Subject: 2. What is and how do I use the FTP program?
The information below was originally maintained by Jon Granrose
(one of the old maintainers of the listings). Mike Jones added the info
about the existence and location of the compression data chart maintained
by David Lemson. Tom Czarnik (another old maintainer) added some as well
and I have made some changes too.
By:
Jon Granrose
Mike Jones
Tom Czarnik
Perry Rovers
This is not a definitive guide to FTP, but it will give a novice a
general idea of what it is and how to do it.
What is FTP?
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows a person to transfer files
between two computers, generally connected via the Internet. If
your system has FTP and is connected to the Internet, you can
access very large amounts of files available on a great number of
computersystems. If you are on Bitnet or a UUCP host, you should
look for servers that work through electronic mail (e-mail). A
good source of information on archives in general, is the Usenet
newsgroup comp.archives. When using FTP, you use a program, called
a 'client' to connect to a machine that holds the files, a 'server'.
What is Anonymous FTP?
Many computersystems throughout the Internet offer files through
anonymous FTP. This means that you can access a machine
without having to have an account on that machine (i.e. you don't
have to be an official user of the system). These anonymous FTP
servers contain software, documents of various sorts, files
for configuring networks, graphic images, songlyrics and all sorts
of other information. Archives for electronic mailing lists are
often stored on and are available through anonymous FTP. An
enormous amount of information is stored on these machines and is
ready for anyone who's seeking it.
Note that all this is subject to change, it is a privilege
and the person responsible for the machine can shut it down
at any time without you being able to do anything about it.
Commands
All the normal FTP commands may be used to retrieve files. Some
FTP commands are the same on different computers, but others
are not. Also, some of the ftp sites offer custom commands like
getting a directory with one command, 'regetting' a file or searching
of directories. Read the relevant README files on the site itself
for the 'special access features'.
Usually, FTP will list the commands if you type 'help' or type a
question mark (?). Also, your computer's help command may have
information about FTP. Try 'man ftp', 'man ftpd', 'help ftp',
'ftp /?', 'ftp -?' or 'ftp /h' (all these to be typed without
quotes).
Some useful commands available on most systems include:
ascii Switch to ascii mode. Ascii mode is the default mode
and used for transferring text files
binary Switch to binary mode. For transferring binary files
like .ZIP files, .Z files and the like
cd Change the directory on the remote computer
dir List the files in the current directory on the remote
computer.
ls Same as 'dir', but shows less information sometimes.
get Copy a file from the remote computer to yours
hash Puts a '#' on the screen for every of bytes
transferred. is 1024 in some cases, 2048 in others
but is between 1024 and 4096 in most cases.
Check the ftp 'help' function for more info on the number for
your clientprogram.
help Gives help on the use of commands within the ftp program
lcd Change the directory on your computer (the 'l' is for local)
lpwd Shows the present working directory (pwd) on your
computer (the 'l' is for local). Note: this may not
work on all machines. On a Unix machine, try !pwd
if lwpd doesn't work.
mget Copy multiple files from the remote computer to yours
pwd Shows the present working directory (pwd) on the
remote computer
Procedure
Anonymous FTP is a facility offered by many machines on the
Internet. This permits you to log in with the user name 'anonymous'
or the user name 'ftp'. When prompted for a password, type your e-mail
address -- it's not necessary, but it's a courtesy for those
sites that like to know who is making use of their facility. Be
courteous. Some sites require a valid e-mail address, others don't.
You can then look around and retrieve files. (Most anonymous ftp
sites do not permit people to store files). Note that when you
retrieve files, you have to know where the files are going to
end up on your machine. This is where the 'lpwd' command comes
in handy. Also note that when you have transferred a file that
you want to use on your PC, but you run ftp from a Unix machine
(or a similar mainframe or network machine), you will have to ftp
the file from the Unix machine to your PC first (this is assuming
that you can't ftp to outside your company or campus from your PC,
otherwise you could have gotten the file directly to the PC).
This may sound silly, but sometimes people don't know where their
files are stored or a system administrator decides to give ftp
access to only a few systems.
Typically, a directory called 'pub' is where the interesting
things are stored. Some sites will have a file with a name
like ls-lR, that contains a complete list of the files on
that site. Otherwise, you can type ls -lR and get such a listing
-- for some sites, this can take a LONG time (the size of the
resulting file can be anywhere between approximately 2000 bytes
and 25Mb).
When retrieving non-text files, you must use binary mode,
otherwise the file gets messed up. To do this, use the
'binary' command. (It's safe to set this for text files, but
the result might look a bit different from an ASCII transfer)
If the site at the other end is non-Unix, you may need to
use some other mode -- see the documents or README files
for that site and for FTP (common other modes, are LZ for
VAX Multinet servers, tenex or image for some others).
The simplest way to initiate FTP would be to give the command
'ftp '. The is the remote
system you are connecting to, either a name like garbo.uwasa.fi,
if you have an entry in /etc/hosts or are accessing a Domain
Name Server or the Internet address 193.166.120.5 for Garbo. If
that last sentence doesn't seem to make sense just try: ftp
garbo.uwasa.fi or ftp 193.166.120.5 and look what happens.
After a short wait, you will be prompted for your username. If
you do not have an account on the remote system, some systems
allow you to use 'anonymous'. This gives you a restricted
access path (meaning that you can only run certain commands
like 'dir' or 'ls' and are allowed only access to certain
directories like 'pub').
You would then be prompted for a password. Some systems will
tell you to send your real identity as the password. What you
type doesn't matter in most cases, but it is suggested to give
your e-mail address. This as a courtesy to the archive maintainers,
who would like to know who's using their system. Other systems
need a password of 'guest', or something similar.
DO NOT TYPE A PASSWORD THAT YOU USE ON YOUR OWN SYSTEM!
After that, you should receive the FTP prompt ( usually ftp> )
and have access. You can get a directory of files by giving a
'dir' command. If the remote system is Unix-based and dir does
not work, try 'ls -l' for an MS-DOS like output.
On Garbo, there is a file available in the default anonymous ftp
directory that explains what Garbo is and where files are located.
Look for 00-index.txt or README files or some similar name.
Unix systems will all have the same directory structure, and
moving around is done with the 'cd' or 'cwd' command.
TOPS-20, VAX/VMS, DOS VM/CMS and other systems have a different
structure, but movement is still accomplished with the 'cd'
command.
VAX/VMS systems have filesystems that show as ALL CAPS
and directories can be recognized as filenames ending in .DIR
e.g FAQ.DIR
Files reside on disks, denoted by NAME: e.g. NETDISK:
and a file on that disk could be denoted by:
NETDISK:[FAQ.INTERNET]FTP.FAQ
You can change to that directory by typing:
cd netdisk:[faq.internet]
but since you are generally allowed only access to one disk,
you probably can use cd [faq.internet] or type cd faq and
then cd internet
TOPS-20 has directories of the form: DISK:, VAX/VMS
has directories of the form DISK:[DIR1.DIR2] (use cd [-] instead
of cd .. and cd [.DIR1] instead of cd dir1). DOS, OS/2 and
Windows NT look like Unix but have shorter directory names.
VM/CMS has mini-disks that can be accessed with the CD command:
cd .
e.g. cd arcdsk.100
For an anonymous userid:
cd .
account
e.g. cd bob.191
account bob1
Note: 'account...' may not be required if the mini-disk is not
password protected.
A lot of systems give some information about how to use the
system when you login, look for that after you have typed
the password (some of those messages will not be shown if
you use a - as the first character in your password, some
people need this because the system won't recognize them
otherwise. If you have problems logging into a site, try
a - as the first character).
Different systems have different organizations for their files,
and the above example is the way most archives have set it up.
By looking around other systems, you can learn how their files
are arranged and move around much faster. Note, however,
that FTP will not allow you outside the FTP 'root' directory.
Moving about the entire system is not permitted. You will
get 'Permission denied' messages (or plainly not receiving any
message and still not be able to change to the directory).
Usually, files are grouped in archive files, so you don't have
to get many small files separately. The most common archival
file formats for the Internet are tar and zip. Occasionally,
people use shell archives (shar) instead. Tar files are basically
a bunch of files 'glued' together. Tar archives can be unpacked
by running the 'tar' command on a Unix system (tar exists also
for DOS, VMS and a whole bunch of other Operating Systems) --
you may want to first do a 'tar t' on the file to see what it
contains before unpacking it. This means typing: 'tar t filename.tar'
or 'tar tf filename.tar' and looking what the output shows. To unpack
the .tar file, type: 'tar xvf filename.tar', this will create a
directory called filename with the unpacked archive in it (no quotes
again).
Be careful when unpacking shell archives since they have to be
run through the Bourne shell to unpack them. (The simplest
way is to use the unshar command).
Files are often stored compressed, because they take up less
space that way -- for Unix, the most common compression 'scheme'
is the 'compress' program, indicated by a .Z suffix on the file
name. Also you will find Arc, Zoo, Arj, Lzh, gzipped or Zip files,
which are combined archival and compression formats (there are
other archival formats as well - talk to the systems staff if
you encounter them and don't know how to deal with them).
For .zip files use zip and unzip (or pkzip/pkunzip), for .gz files
use gzip and for .Z files use compress, which are available for all
Operating Systems.
Archival and compression utilities are very handy, but can make
it very difficult to 'get' a file and use it:
when you're on a DOS or VMS system for example you can't type:
get filename.tar.Z
You have to type:
get filename.tar.Z filename.tz
or something like that and then remember what you have to do to
unpack the file, namely first running your version of 'compress'
on it and then your version of 'tar'.
Remember this when you can't seem to transfer a file.
An interesting feature of most ftp servers in use today, is the
ability to compress and decompress 'on the fly'. This means that
when you want to 'get' a .Z file, but you don't have compress
handy, you can type: get filename.Z filename
The server will then decompress the file and leave you with a plain,
uncompressed file. Most servers support on-line decompression of
.Z, .gz and .tar files and even 'get'ting an entire directory with
'get directoryname directoryname.tar'. Note that this can take up
a huge amount of space and maybe take ages. Make sure you know what
you are doing when trying this.
These are the most common file types (there are zillions more):
SUFFIX FTP TYPE
------ --- -----
.arc bin ARChive (hardly used anymore)
.arj bin Arj (mostly MS-DOS)
.gif bin Graphics Interchange Format
.gz bin GNU Zip
(Not compatible with Zip.
Found on some sites as .z files.
GNU zip is seen in combination with
tar as .tgz files, maybe even as .tz files)
.hqx asc HQX (Mac, Mac equivalent of uuencode)
.jpg bin JPEG (graphics format)
.lzh bin LHa, LHarc, Larc
.shar ascii SHell ARchive (mostly Unix)
.sit bin Stuff-It (Mac)
.tar bin Tape ARchive (mostly Unix)
.uu ascii uuencode/uudecode (also .uue)
.Z bin compress (mostly Unix, seen in combination
with tar as .tar.Z files)
.zip bin Zip (either PKZip or Zip/Unzip)
.zoo bin Zoo
To get a list of all file compression/archiving methods and the
programs to uncompress/unarchive (on the PC, Mac, Unix, VAX/VMS,
VM/CMS, Atari ST and Amiga systems), FTP to the following site
and retrieve the listed file:
ftp.cso.uiuc.edu directory: /pub/doc/pcnet/compression
This could be helpful to people new to FTP that don't know how
to unpack the file they have just transferred.
Also check out the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Lists and
other periodical postings in the news.answers group. Especially
the comp.graphics, comp.compression and the different
Operating Systems FAQs (Unix, VMS etc.) can be very handy.
Most archiver programs are available from garbo.uwasa.fi in either
/pc/arcers or /unix/arcers.
Last but not least, for novices to the Internet, I highly recommend a
good book, e.g. 'The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog' by Ed Krol.
It is written clearly and contains an enormous amount of information.
Read it cover to cover, and keep it close at hand.
Published by O'Reilly & Asscociates, it is available from many computer
bookstores or O'Reilly's worldwide distributors.
Contact the publisher at +1 707-829-0515 (USA), or send e-mail to
nuts@ora.com for information.
Unfortunately, this book is already outdated, but it still offers
an invaluable resource and manual for novices and more experienced
Internet users. Apparently there will be a new version of this book
somewhere this year, so look out for it.
Other books are 'The Internet Companion', 'Internet: Getting Started',
'Internet Unleashed', 'The Internet Guide for New Users' and a lot more.
Look for them in your local bookstore.
Almost all of the information in these books is also available on-line
through various documents like the MaasInfo files, Zen and the Art of the
Internet, The HitchHiker's Guide to the Internet, The Big Dummy's Guide
to the Internet, the on-line version of The.Internet.Companion, the
Internet Resource Guide and a whole number of FAQs, RFCs and the like.
The MaasInfo and Big Dummy's Guide files appear to be the most recent of
these kind of files (look for info on where to get them in the
sitelisting itself or try mailing to netguide@eff.org, that should send
you the Big Dummy's Guide in a number of parts).
Another source for information might be the magazine Internet World,
from Meckler Corp. (info@mecklermedia.com).
I'm not affiliated with any of the publishers, authors or anyone
mentioned above, but I bought some of the books and like them.
-----------------------------
Subject: 3. What types of FTP information are available?
FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions List about FTP
SITELIST - Comprehensive Information, containing:
o Site name
o Country
o Date of last modification
o GMT difference (+/-)
o Source of last update
o Administrative e-mail address
o Organization maintaining FTP site, city, state, department
if applicable
o Other servers if available and instructions for use if applicable
(e-mail, FSP, gopher, WWW)
o System Type (Operating System, hardware)
o Universal Resource Locator (for World Wide Web browsers)
o Comments
o Types of Files
Note that apart from my ftp-list.zip file, Timo Salmi (ts@uwasa.fi)
is maintaining a complementary list of a number of MS-DOS ftp sites.
They list some more information on a subset of sites in my SITELIST
file. The file is called moder*.zip where * is a version number and
it is available from garbo.uwasa.fi in directory /pc/pd2 and
ftp.simtel.net in directory /pub/simtelnet/msdos/info.
Also, Christian Hettler (hettler@ask.uni-karlsruhe.de) is maintaining
a list of German FTP sites on ftp.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de, directory:
/pub/info, file: ftp-list-de. The contents of the German ftp sites
in the listing can be found at ftp.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de/pub/ls-lR.de
Arjan de Vet (devet@iaehv.nl) is maintaining a list of Dutch FTP sites
on ftp.iaehv.nl, directory: pub/usenet/nl, file: nl-ftp (this one is in
Dutch). Russell Vincent (vincent@ucthpx.uct.ac.za) maintains a list of
South-African ftp, archie, whois and gopher servers at ftp.uct.ac.za in
/pub/archives/faq-sites.txt Furthermore, there are 2 documents
describing anonymous FTP servers in the Czech Republic:
http://www.cvut.cz/cesnet/resources/ftp.htm#anon and the Slovac
Republic: http://nic.uakom.sk/SANET/hypertext/services.html#ftp
On ftp.urec.fr there's a file called ftp-france-liste, but it doesn't
seem to be updated regularly. For France, you're better off checking
http://www.insat.com/Club/boudrand/listeftp.htm and there's also
a mailinglist for French ftp-admins. Check the archives at:
http://www.univ-rennes1.fr/LISTES/ftp-fr@univ-rennes1.fr/
Several newsgroups have their own FAQs that contain listings
of sites. If you're interested in a particular topic, try looking
in the FAQ(s) of the newsgroups related to that topic as well.
-----------------------------
Subject: 4. What is the most current version?
Look in the Version: line in the top of this file and compare
it to the faq file in ftp-list.zip on ftp.iaehv.nl, garbo.uwasa.fi
or ftp.simtel.net. The latest version is always available there.
-----------------------------
Subject: 5. Retrieving the list from alternate sources.
1) Pick it up from anonymous FTP archives; look for 'ftp-list'
in the SITELIST file. Be warned, many sites carry Jon
Granrose's (sometimes known as ODIN.FTPLIST, pre Jan-92) or
Tom Czarniks's old FTP listing (pre Apr-93) and these files
are outdated. It will take a while for this version to spread,
but the following sites always carry the latest version:
Europe - ftp.iaehv.nl as /pub/users/perry/ftp-list/ftp-list.zip
garbo.uwasa.fi as /pc/doc-net/ftp-list.zip
USA - rtfm.mit.edu in the /pub/usenet/news.answers/ftp-list
directory: faq file and sitelist directory (ASCII)
USA - ftp.simtel.net as /pub/simtelnet/msdos/info/ftp-list.zip
USA - ftp.landfield.com as /usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/*
Asia - ftp.edu.tw in /documents/networking/guides/ftp-list
several files in several formats (.Z, .gz, .zip, ASCII,
dBase and MS-Access database versions and AmigaGuide
Hypertext version)
NOTE: THIS SITE CURRENTLY HAS NO FTP-LIST FILES DUE
TO SPACE LIMITATIONS
Admins who would like to mirror the list are welcome to mirror any
of the above sites/directories, dependent on what format they like.
Apart from these sites there are hundreds of mirrors of garbo,
rtfm and simtel.net that carry the list.
2) send an e-mail message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
no subject and in the body of the message:
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part1
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part2
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part3
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part4
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part5
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part6
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part7
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part8
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part9
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part10
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part11
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part12
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part13
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part14
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part15
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part16
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part17
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part18
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part19
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part20
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part21
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part22
send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part23
[apparently * can be used instead of all the parts numbers,
but I'll check that out later; update: this doesn't seem to
work.. YMMV]
3) Send me mail: Perry.Rovers@IAEhv.nl. State how you need it sent
and I'll get to it you ASAP. Note that this is NOT the preferred
method!!! Try one of the above methods first. Thanks to the efforts
of Lou Swiczewicz (swicz@acc.rwu.edu) and Dave Thomas
(Dave_Thomas@mindlink.bc.ca) there will be made available
from ftp.edu.tw a dBase and Microsoft Access database version
and a Hypertext AmigaGuide version. The list is also searchable
through some gophers, I'm gonna add a list of them at some
later date. [I'm currently not sure how these versions are coming
along, I'll have to look into that someday. I haven't seen the
Amiga Guide version and the Access version is lagging behind.
So don't ask me about those versions, because I don't know how
they are faring. Check ftp.edu.tw or Aminet sites for them.]
You can also use packftp, by Mark Rinfret (mrr@mrsoft.network23.com),
which converts the sitelist to comma-delimited format. It works
great!
-----------------------------
Subject: 6. Using FTP without direct Internet access.
It is possible to get files from a site by using a general mail
server. Many sites have their own servers. If you're on BITNET, ask
your sysadmin or technical support group about BITFTP (or send mail
with a body of 'help' (no quotes, and nothing else) to BITFTP@PUCC,
BITFTP@PLEARN or BITFTP@DEARN (known on the Internet as
bitftp@pucc.princeton.edu, bitftp@plearn.edu.pl and bitftp@vm.gmd.de
respectively)
Also, there's a service called TRICKLE, a concentrator of several
ftp sites. Through TRICKLE you can retrieve files by e-mail or
have them ftped to your own machine or SEND to you. It's also possible
to subscribe to directories or files (you can for instance subscribe
to the McAfee virusscanner and get it by mail everytime there's
a new version). Send e-mail with '/HELP' (no quotes) in the body
to trickle@hearn.nic.surfnet.nl or trickle@hearn.bitnet,
for more info and a list of other trickle servers.
For non-BITNET sites, try using an ftpmail server. Send mail to
ftpmail@ftpmail.ramona.vix.com with 'help' (no quotes) in the body of the
letter. You should NOT send a blank letter, commands are not optional.
Other servers that might be closer and provide the same service are:
- ftpmail@cs.uow.edu.au (Australia)
- ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de (Germany)
- ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk (Great Britain)
- ftpmail@ieunet.ie (Ireland)
- ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu (USA)
- ftpmail@ftp.uu.net (USA, points to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com, so won't work
until they fix that)
- ftpmail@win.net
There's a list of ftp-mail servers available at
http://knight3.cit.ics.saitama-u.ac.jp/reposit/ftpmail-servers.html
but I don't know how up to date it is (it still listed ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com
I think)
There used to be an address called ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com, but you are urged
to use one of the above instead of decwrl.dec.com if you ever find it in a
document. That machine was very overloaded as it was the most widely known
ftpmailer and has been shut down and moved to ftpmail.ramona.vix.com.
So, lift the burden and use (faster!) closer machines!!!
Requests for the ftpmail servers are of the form:
open
cd
dir # To obtain a directory listing
get # To retrieve a file
quit
Example:
open rtfm.mit.edu anonymous perry@iaehv.nl
cd /pub/usenet/news.answers/ftp-list
get faq
quit
NOTE: Please make sure your system admin has approved the the use of
a mail server, as files can take system resources of not only
your site, but several sites up the stream. And please abide
by the guidelines that the ftpmail server administrators have
put in their help files. Most ftpmail servers default to their
own site for files, so try retrieving things from that site first.
In general, most files you need are already available there, so
it is a waste to connect to another machine.
Also, don't use servers in Y to fetch files from X if you live
in X and can use a server in X, e.g. X=Europe, Y=USA.
Several servers have stopped providing ftpmail service to other
hosts because they were being overloaded by these kind of
requests. DON'T DO IT! You ruin a very good service, not only
for yourself, but also for numerous other users.
-----------------------------
Subject: 7. Problems with a site.
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